Her name, indeed, expresses in a feminine form the attributes of Zeus, just as the Latin Juno does those of Jupiter, When the oracle of Dodona lost its former importance, Dione was eclipsed by Hera as the wife of Zeus, and came to be regarded as a nymph of Dodona. Their names were Aegle, Arethusa, Erytheia, Hesperia. They dwell on the river Oceanus, near Atlas, close to the Gorgons, on the borders of eternal darkness, in the garden of the gods, where Zeus espoused Hera.
Together with the hundred-headed dragon Ladon, the son of Phorcys or Typhon, they guard the golden apples which Goea or Earth caused to grow as a, marriage gift for Hera. As a water-god he was capable of metamorphosis, appearing now as a bull, then as a snake, and again as a bull-faced man. In fighting with Heracles for the possession of Deianeira, he lost one horn, but got it back in exchange for the horn of Amaltheia q. As the oldest and most venerable of river-gods, he was worshipped all over Greece and her colonies, especially Rhodes, Italy, and Sicily.
The oracle of Dodona, in every answer which it gave, added an injunction to sacrifice to Achelous; and in religious usage his name stood for any stream or running water. He is described as a venerable old man, of a kindly disposition towards mortals, and as dwelling in a resplendent cave in the depths of the Aegean. Like all gods of water, he has the gift of prophecy and of transforming himself into any shape he chooses to assume. He is represented as an old man with the leaves of seaweed or hair and a sceptre or trident.
His daughters are likewise benevolent beings, well disposed to mortals. They live with their father in the depths, but rise to the surface in order to amuse themselves with every kind of pastime and to assist sailors in distress. They were especially worshipped on the islands, on the coasts, and at the mouths of rivers, and were depicted in works of art as charming maidens, sometimes lightly clothed, sometimes naked, often riding on dolphins and Tritons see cut.
The Nereids most often mentioned in mythology are Amphitrite and Thetis, with Galatea. He is said to have founded on Mount Lycaeum. Another legend relates that he had fifty impious sons. When Zeus came to them in the guise of a beggar in order to put their contempt of the gods to the test, they followed the advice of Maenalus, the eldest, and set before him the entrails of a boy which had been mixed with the sacrifice.
The god however threw the table over and killed Lycaon and his sons with lightning, with the exception of Nyctimus, the youngest, whom Gaea saved by firmly holding the right hand of Zeus. During the reign of Nyctimus the deluge connected with the name of Deucalion covered the land as a punishment for the impiety of Lycaon and his sons. Originally a fisherman and diver of Anthedon in Boeotia, he once chanced to eat of a herb which he had seen fish feed on to refresh themselves when tired.
It drove him mad, and he threw himself into the sea, on which he was changed into a sea-god by Oceanus and Tethys. According to another story he threw himself into the sea for love of the young sea-god Melicertes, with whom he was sometimes identified.
He was also said to have been the builder and the pilot of the Argo , and to have been changed into a god in a wonderful way after the battle of the Argonauts with the Tyrrhenians.
According to common belief he visited all the coasts and islands of the Mediterranean every year, prophesying, and lamenting that he could not die. He, and the Nereides with him, were said to have uttered oracles in Delos. The stories had much to tell of his loves, notably of those of Scylla and Circe. He was represented in works of art as an old man with a fish's tail, with sea-blue scales, long hair and beard, and breast covered with sea-weed and shells.
Thither the favoured of Zeus such as Rhadamanthys his son, and his son-in-law Menelaus, are carried without having seen death. They live a life of perfect happiness, there is no snow, nor storm, nor rain, but the cool west wind breathes there for ever. Hesiod speaks of the islands of the blest by the Ocean, where some of the heroes of the fourth generation of men live a life without pain, and where the earth produces her fruits three times in the year.
According to Pindar, all who have three times passed blamelessly through life live there in perfect bliss under the sway of Cronus and his assessor Rhadamanthys. Like Cronus, the Titans, after their reconciliation with Zeus, dwell on these islands. In later times Elysium with its bliss was localized in the world below, and regarded as the abode of those whom the judges of the dead had pronounced worthy of it.
According to Hesiod she is daughter of Night, and with Aidos, the divinity of Modesty, left the earth on the advent of the iron age. As goddess of due proportion she hates every trangression of the bounds of moderation, and restores the proper and normal order of things. As, in doing this, she punishes wanton boastfulness, she is a divinity of chastisement and vengeance.
She enjoyed special bonour in the Attic district of Rhamnus where she was deemed to be the daughter of Oceanus , and is often called the Rhamnusian goddess; her statue there was said to have been executed by Phidias out of a block of Parian marble which the Persians bad brought with them in presumptuous confidence to Marathon, to erect a trophy of victory there. She was also called Adrasteia, that name, appropriate only to the Phrygian Rhea-Cybele, being interpreted as a Greek word with the, meaning, "She whom none can escape.
Like these they are represented in the Odyssey as dwelling in the far West, near Oceanus, in the neighbourhood of the sunset and the kingdom of the dead. Deceptive dreams issue from a gate of ivory, true dreams through a gate of horn. The gods above, especially Hermes, have authority over these dream-gods, and send sometimes one, sometimes another, to mankind. On some occasions they create dream-figures themselves, or appear in person under different shapes, in the chamber of the sleeper.
The spirits of the departed, too, so long as they are not in the kingdom of Hades, have the power of appearing to the sleeper in dreams. These, the ideas of the Homeric age, survived in the later popular belief. Later poets call dreams the sons of Sleep, and give them separate names.
After seeing how stable and loving Oceanus and Tethys' marriage was more so than most other marriages between immortals , Hera decided to strive for a similar one for herself. Overall though, while Oceanus did help Hera tame her infamous temper by the time of her return, many gods were still wary of openly flirting with her, since she was determined to find a perfect husband for herself. While Oceanus was neutral in the first war, his brother Kronos finally convinced him to fight against the Olympians, more specifically his nephew Poseidon.
Oceanus enlists Phorcys , Aigaios as well as many ancient monsters gigantic squids, sea serpents, Leviathans, and Keto against Poseidon, and they battle constantly, leaving Poseidon somewhat weakened. Oceanus and his forces attack Poseidon underwater, making his palace endangered and also making him unable to aid the Olympians in their fight against the monster Typhon. When Percy enters the battle, Oceanus advances and challenges Poseidon himself to a duel. As Percy is leaving, Poseidon engages Oceanus in an enormous clash which causes extremely violent tsunamis and wave, and lights can be seen flashing as the two warriors do battle.
When Poseidon chose to aid the Olympians, Oceanus probably did serious damage to Poseidon's palace. After Kronos was defeated, he retreated back into the depths.
Oceanus was shown to not be as arrogant or cruel as his brothers, being the only Elder Titan to not help in the murder of Ouranos. In Percy Jackson's Greek Gods it was shown that he was a bit slower than his siblings, not initially understanding what Gaea meant by kill though as they were immortal it was understandable.
Unlike most immortals Oceanus actually had a happy marriage with his wife and was faithful to her. In The Last Olympian , Oceanus was described by Percy as a huge merman, much larger than the rest, with the upper body of a tall and muscular man, with a long green beard and hair, along with the horns of a bull. Oceanus appeared to be riding a chariot pulled by huge crawfish with a serpent as a weapon. As seen in Percy Jackson's Greek Gods however, Oceanus can transform his lower body into legs while on land.
While not quite as strong as Kronos or Hyperion , Oceanus is still extremely powerful as the eldest Titan. To contrast that Poseidon, who was the god of the sea during Olympian rule, ruled over the Mediterranean Sea.
As the story goes, Oceanus and his sister Tethys, another Titan, became a married couple. Together, they parented several children including the Oceanids, the ocean nymphs, and The Rivers, which were a series of rivers, such as the River Styx, that flowed into the Underworld. Each of their children were associated with water. There were thousands of sea nymphs, or Oceanids, and the pair also parented all the bodies of water, such as the rivers, oceans, and lakes, in the world.
The Sea Nymphs were each responsible for a separate body of water. As mentioned above, Oceanus was one of the Titan gods.
Oceanus was a Titan god of enormous river called Okeanos which was believed to be encircling the world and was connecting this world to other realms, such as heavenly realms from which the gods came and underworld where the souls of the dead lived. He was a personification of all salt water of the world, more precisely Mediterranean Sea , Atlantic Ocean and Indian Ocean which were the most familiar to ancient Greeks at the time, and all the fresh water that includes rivers, lakes, streams and rain.
Oceanus was originally the source of all the water. However, when geography became more known and accurate to the Greeks, he was placed to represent more stranger and unknown waters of Atlantic and Indian Ocean while Mediterranean Sea was ruled by a younger god Poseidon and rivers, fountains, streams and rain waters were controlled by the titan's sons and daughters.
Oceanus was, according to most authors, a first descendant of Uranus and Gaea and was married to his sister Tethys. Together they gave birth to three thousand Potamoi or river gods and Oceanids , known as nymphs of rivers, lakes, streams, fountains and wells which never ran dry.
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