People may also experience these sensations in other parts of the body, such as the hands or feet. People can develop shingles if they have had chickenpox in the past, and the virus reactivates after lying dormant in the body.
Shingles usually affects a small area on one side of the face or body. Symptoms include:. People who are more at risk of getting shingles include older adults and those with a weakened immune system. Tingling or numbness in the face can be a symptom of a stroke. The acronym FAST can help people identify the warning signs of a stroke quickly:. Irritation of the trigeminal nerve can lead to trigeminal neuralgia , a condition that causes intense pain in the face.
People may experience a stabbing or electric shock sensation on one side of their face. People may feel tingling in the face before experiencing frequent bursts of pain. Medications can help a person manage the condition. Hemiplegic migraine is a rare type of migraine that causes one side of the face or body to become weak.
It can also cause tingling or numbness in the face. Other symptoms include:. Focal neuropathy affects a single nerve, and people may notice symptoms in one area of the body, such as the face.
Symptoms can include:. Although it is rare, people with epilepsy sometimes experience tingling or numbness in the face or other parts of the body during a partial seizure. A doctor may diagnose the cause of face tingling by carrying out a physical examination, which will typically include reflex, sensation, and balance tests. They may also use medical tests to help them diagnose the underlying condition that is causing the tingling. If people are experiencing tingling in the face for unknown reasons, or their symptoms do not pass, they should see a doctor.
Anyone who notices signs of a stroke or has any severe symptoms should seek emergency medical help or call or their local emergency number. Treatment will vary depending on the condition causing face tingling. Stress can increase pain levels in certain conditions, so reducing stress and focusing on relaxation can help the body recover. If people have a skin condition such as shingles, applying a cool compress can help soothe the pain.
This results in unexplained, spontaneous sensations, called paresthesias, that may be experienced as tingling, a sense of insects crawling under the skin called formications , and pain.
Various ideas have been proposed to explain how GBS develops. According to this explanation, molecules on some nerves are very similar to or mimic molecules on some microorganisms. When those microbes infect someone, the immune system correctly attacks them.
And if the microbe and myelin look similar, the immune system makes a mistake and attacks the myelin. Different mechanisms may explain how the molecular mimicry concept may work. The immune system treats these nerves as foreign bodies and mistakenly attacks them. It is also possible that the virus makes the immune system itself less discriminating and no longer able to recognize its own nerves. Some parts of the immune system—special white blood cells called lymphocytes and macrophages—perceive myelin as foreign and attack it.
In some forms of GBS, antibodies made by the person to fight a Campylobacter jejuni bacterial infection attack axons in the motor nerves. This causes acute motor axonal neuropathy, which is a variant of GBS that includes acute paralysis and a loss of reflexes without sensory loss. Campylobacter infections can be caused by ingesting contaminated food or from other exposures. This slows nerve conduction and causes paralysis.
Scientists are investigating various GBS subtypes to find why the immune system reacts abnormally in this syndrome and other autoimmune diseases. While GBS comes on rapidly over days to weeks, and the person usually recovers, other disorders develop slowly and can linger or recur. In AIDP, the immune response damages the myelin coating and interferes with the transmission of nerve signals.
It is characterized by abnormal muscle coordination with poor balance and clumsy walking, weakness or paralysis of the eye muscles, and absence of the tendon reflexes. Like GBS, symptoms may follow a viral illness. Additional symptoms include generalized muscle weakness and respiratory failure. Most individuals with Miller Fisher syndrome have a unique antibody that characterizes the disorder.
Related peripheral nerve disorders with slow onset and persisting or recurrent symptoms include chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy CIDP and multifocal motor neuropathy. CIDP features weakness that can recur, repeatedly, over the course of years. Multifocal motor neuropathy typically affects many different muscles in a small part of a limb or limbs.
Usually the symptoms are more severe on one side of the body. The initial signs and symptoms of GBS are varied and there are several disorders with similar symptoms. Therefore, doctors may find it difficult to diagnose GBS in its earliest stages. In GBS, deep tendon reflexes in the legs, such as knee jerks, are usually lost.
Reflexes may also be absent in the arms. There is a change in the cerebrospinal fluid that bathes the spinal cord and brain in people with GBS. Researchers have found the fluid contains more protein than usual but very few immune cells measured by white blood cells. Therefore, a physician may decide to perform a spinal tap or lumbar puncture to obtain a sample of spinal fluid to analyze. This procedure is usually safe, with rare complications. However, some therapies can lessen the severity of the illness and shorten recovery time.
There are also several ways to treat the complications of the disease. There are currently two treatments commonly used to interrupt immune-related nerve damage. One is plasma exchange PE, also called plasmapheresis ; the other is high-dose immunoglobulin therapy IVIg. Both treatments are equally effective if started within two weeks of onset of GBS symptoms, but immunoglobulin is easier to administer.
Using both treatments in the same person has no proven benefit. The blood cells from the liquid part of the blood plasma are extracted and returned to the person. Plasma contains antibodies and PE removes some plasma; PE may work by removing the bad antibodies that have been damaging the nerves.
Immunoglobulins are proteins that the immune system naturally makes to attack infecting organisms. IVIg therapy involves intravenous injections of these immunoglobulins. The immunoglobulins are developed from a pool of thousands of normal donors. This happens because the body responds to the loss of skin by making the wound smaller. The skin on both sides of the joint comes together to heal the injured area.
The result is a burn scar and it may not be possible to move the joint as fully as before the injury. Through therapy, it is possible to gain back much of the motion that was lost as a result of the injury. This occurs when the burn is deeper and the healing elements of the skin may have been destroyed and are not available to cover the open wound.
When this happens, the body closes the wound by drawing on the surrounding skin. As the wound heals, it actually becomes smaller. The contraction process often results in a loss of normal movement for the affected area. Rehabilitation therapy is used to restore near-normal movement to the contracted areas.
If a burn injury damages the nerve endings in the skin, the nerves will need to regrow. Throughout this regrowth period, the sense of touch may be affected.
0コメント